前言：本次安装使用的版本是Mysql4.7，该安装文档参考阿里云提供的mysql安装方式

更新YUM源

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wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
sudo yum install -y mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
sudo yum install -y mysql-community-server --nogpgcheck

查看MySQL版本号

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mysql -V

当出如下内容，mysql安装完成，接下来进行一些相关配置

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[root@***** /]# mysql -V
mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.44, for Linux (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper

启动MySQL并设置开机启动MySQL

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sudo systemctl start mysqld
sudo systemctl enable mysqld
sudo systemctl daemon-reload

获取MySQL的初始密码

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sudo grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log

m3?z1qf1wCfp 这个是本次mysql安装后的初始化密码

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[root@***** /]# sudo grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log
2023-12-30T14:18:07.620969Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: m3?z1qf1wCfp

配置MySQL的安全性

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#对MySQL进行安全性配置
mysql_secure_installation
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Securing the MySQL server deployment.

Enter password for user root: #输入上一步获取的root用户初始密码。

The existing password for the user account root has expired. Please set a new password.

New password: #输入新密码，长度为8至30个字符，必须同时包含大小写英文字母、数字和特殊符号。特殊符号可以是()` ~!@#$%^&*-+=|{}[]:;‘<>,.?/

Re-enter new password: #重复输入新密码。
The 'validate_password' plugin is installed on the server.
The subsequent steps will run with the existing configuration
of the plugin.
Using existing password for root.

Estimated strength of the password: 100
Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :Y #按Y，并再次输入上步已设置的密码。

New password: #再次输入新密码。

Re-enter new password: #重复输入新密码。

Estimated strength of the password: 100
Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :Y #按Y使用新密码。

输入Y删除匿名用户账号。

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By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.

Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y  #是否删除匿名用户，输入Y
Success.

输入Y禁止root账号远程登录。

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Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y #禁止root远程登录，输入Y
Success.

输入Y删除test库以及对test库的访问权限。

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By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.

Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y #是否删除test库和对它的访问权限，输入Y
 - Dropping test database...
Success.

 - Removing privileges on test database...
Success.

输入Y重新加载授权表。

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Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y #是否重新加载授权表，输入Y
Success.

All done!

Mysql安装完毕

此外记得在服务器安全组开启3306端口

常见错误

问题1

navicat 添加mysql数据库连接 点击测试连接报:is not allowed to connect to this mysql server

出现这种情况的原因是因为：mysql数据库只允许自身所在的本机器连接，不允许远程连接。

进入服务器数据输入如下命令

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mysql -u root -p

use mysql;

select host from user where user='root';

update user set host = '%' where user ='root';

刷新配置

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flush privileges;

接下来使用navicat 再次点击测试连接 提示连接成功

退出mysql交互页面 返回Liunx终端

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quit;